Rate Stats Qualifiers

Minimum requirements for category leadership

Overview
Per Rule 9.22 (“Minimum Standards for Individual Championships”) of the Official Baseball Rules, a batter must record at least 3.1 plate appearances per scheduled league game to qualify for individual category leadership in batting average, on-base percentage or slugging percentage. A pitcher must record at least 1.0 innings pitched per scheduled league game to qualify for individual category leadership in earned run average. Opponent batting average and WHIP (walks and hits allowed per innings pitched) are not Official pitching stats per Rule 9, but the same standards are applied towards those categories as well as all other non-Official “rate stats.”

Note that qualification is based on “scheduled” league games; that is, games that are cancelled are still counted towards the minimum requirements for all players on all teams, regardless of how many games their respective teams actually played.

Fractional values are rounded towards the closest whole number of plate appearances, or to the closest third of an inning.

NON-MLB QUALIFIERS
Different standards are customarily applied for different leagues and levels of play, so as to allow an appropriate number of qualifiers based on the standards of each league:

LeagueBattingPitchingFielding
MLB (regular season and Postseason), including Negro Leagues (see list below)3.1 PA1.0 IP (0.5 IP for relief-pitcher specific reports)0.5 games for catchers; 0.67 games for infielders/outfielders; 1.0 IP for pitchers unless a pitcher with fewer innings pitched has a better fielding percentage in more total chances
Rookies (MLB regular season)1.55 PA0.5 IP

Same as above

Spring Training and Arizona Fall League2.0 PA0.4 IP (0.2 IP for relief-pitcher specific reports)

Same as above

Minor Leagues, other Winter Leagues and Independent Leagues2.7 PA0.8 IP (0.4 IP for relief-pitcher specific reports)

Same as above

NEGRO LEAGUES
The number of league games for each Negro Leagues team and season varied from league to league and season to season based on inconsistent scheduling practices, so the minimum qualifier for each league and season is based upon the average number of games played by each team as found in the most credibly available final standings for each league and season:

LeagueSeasonGamesPAIP
American Negro League19296520265.0
Eastern Colored League19236118961.0
Eastern Colored League19246018660.0
Eastern Colored League19255517155.0
Eastern Colored League19266219262.0
Eastern Colored League19276520265.0
Eastern Colored League1928288728.0
Negro American League19374112741.0
Negro American League19385517155.0
Negro American League19394714647.0
Negro American League19403711537.0
Negro American League19413510935.0
Negro American League1942268126.0
Negro American League19436419864.0
Negro American League19447824278.0
Negro American League19457122071.0
Negro American League19467021770.0
Negro American League19477523375.0
Negro American League19487824278.0
Negro East West League1932329932.0
Negro National League (I)  19206419864.0
Negro National League (I)  19217021770.0
Negro National League (I)  19226018660.0
Negro National League (I)  19235717757.0
Negro National League (I)  19246921469.0
Negro National League (I)  19258526485.0
Negro National League (I)  19267122071.0
Negro National League (I)  19279128291.0
Negro National League (I)  19288927689.0
Negro National League (I)  19297523375.0
Negro National League (I)  19307523375.0
Negro National League (I) 19315216152.0
Negro National League (II) 19335216152.0
Negro National League (II) 19344714647.0
Negro National League (II) 19355918359.0
Negro National League (II) 19365717757.0
Negro National League (II) 19375517155.0
Negro National League (II)19384213042.0
Negro National League (II)19394814948.0
Negro National League (II)19404714647.0
Negro National League (II)19415517155.0
Negro National League (II)19423711537.0
Negro National League (II)19434714647.0
Negro National League (II)19445818058.0
Negro National League (II)19454915249.0
Negro National League (II)19466821168.0
Negro National League (II)19476921469.0
Negro National League (II)19485918359.0
Negro Southern League19323310233.0

These values are subject to change as new data is discovered and incorporated into the Official record.

NON-QUALIFIED LEADERS
Per Rule 9.22, “any player with fewer than the required number of plate appearances whose average would be the highest, if he were charged with the required number of plate appearances shall be awarded the batting, slugging or on-base percentage championship, as the case may be.” That is, a player with 500 plate appearances may still be declared the league leader if two hitless at-bats are added to his record and his revised batting average, on-base percentage or slugging percentage would still be the highest in his league.

No such exception exists for pitching category leadership.

MULTIPLE LEAGUES
A player appearing in multiple leagues and/or levels of play in the same season may qualify for overall Major League or Minor League leadership if he:

  • Meets the HIGHEST minimum standard of plate appearances (or innings pitched) in any single league or level of play, OR
  • Meets the HIGHEST minimum standard of plate appearances (or innings pitched) across all leagues and levels of play combined, OR
  • Meets the minimum standard of plate appearances (or innings pitched) in ANY individual league in which the player played.

ALL-TIME LEADERS
Consistent with the above, a player may qualify for all-time career leaderboards in rate stats if he has:

  • 5,000 career at-bats (or 2,000 career IP) in the AL/NL, OR
  • 5,000 career at-bats (or 2,000 career IP) the AL/NL PLUS Negro Leagues combined, OR
  • 1,800 career at-bats (or 600 career IP) in the Negro Leagues.

These values are intended to equate to roughly ten (10) “qualified” seasons over a player’s career.

HISTORICAL CHANGES
The current minimum standards for batting category leadership were established in 1957. Different standards were customarily applied throughout Major League Baseball history.

For batters:

1876 to 1919 – appeared in at at least 60 percent of scheduled team games;

1920 to 1949 – at least 100 games played;

1950 to 1951 – at least 400 official times at bat;

1952 to 1954 – at least 400 official times at bat or, if less than 400 times at-bat, and by adding enough hitless at bats so as to total 400 and still would have the highest batting average, on-base percentage or slugging percentage;

1955 to 1956 – 400 official times at bat;

1957 to 1966 – 3.1 plate appearances per scheduled league games;

1967 to present: current standards as defined above.

For pitchers:

1876 to 1911 – current standards, as defined above, are retroactively applied;

1912 to 1950 – at least 10 complete games pitched;

1951 to present – current standards as defined above.